LTE-LAA (aka LTE Band 46) is a fourth generation cellular technology (4G) that that first appeared in 2017-18. It lets cellular carriers tap into unused and unlicensed 5GHz Wi-Fi spectrum to offer crazy fast speeds over short ranges in urban areas.
The "LAA" stands for "Licensed Assisted Access" - which means that your primary connection is still over traditional cellular bands, and but its shares the signal over 5GHz Wi-Fi frequencies for a speed boost. The technology is designed to co-exist with nearby Wi-Fi signals without causing any interference.
Note that LTE-LAA is a sister technology to LTE-Unlicensed (LTE-U).